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      notation: bronze caster @en
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      content: bronsgieter: anoniem, Italië
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      content: bronze caster: anonymous, Italy
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      content: Mortar, inscribed: ‘Sigismvndvs de Francionibvs aromatarivs PP MDXXXX’
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    content: This large mortar was used to grind spices, herbs, and pigments for painting, which were sold by the ‘aromatarius’, or dealer in spices. This Latin word also designated the shop, which served as an apothecary, greengrocer’s, and perfume dealer. The word ‘aroma’ as we know it, refers to the fragrant herbs. The heavy mortars were placed on a round pedestal to avoid having to bend over during the grinding process.
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    content: Vijzel, opschrift: ‘Sigismvndvs de Francionibvs aromatarivs PP MDXXXX’
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    content: Italië, 1540
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part:
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  content: In deze grote vijzel zijn specerijen, kruiden en verfpigmenten vermalen, die werden verkocht door de ‘aromatarius’. Met deze Latijnse naam wordt ook de winkel bedoeld die dienstdeed als apotheek, kruidenierszaak en parfumhandel. Het woord ‘aroma’ verwijst nog naar de geurige kruiden. Om niet te hoeven bukken bij het fijnmalen, werden de zware vijzels op een rond voetstuk geplaatst.
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      content: p.94
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id: _:b18
type: Name
content: Vijzel, opschrift: ‘Sigismvndvs de Francionibvs aromatarivs PP MDXXXX’
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type: Identifier
content: BK-16929
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id: _:b20
type: Name
content: Mortar, inscribed: ‘Sigismvndvs de Francionibvs aromatarivs PP MDXXXX’
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type: Name
content: Vijzel met opschrift SIGISMVNDVS DE FRANCIONIBVS AROMATARIVS PP M D XXXX
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language:
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id: https://id.rijksmuseum.nl/220262
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notation: vijzel
notation: mortar @en
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type: Dimension
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  notation: diameter
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referred to by:
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  content: bovenzijde
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value: 52
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type: Dimension
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value: 155
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type: Dimension
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  notation: height @en
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value: 38
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id: https://id.rijksmuseum.nl/22013
type: Material
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  content: 1
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notation: brons
notation: bronze (metal) @en
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  type: Material
equivalent:
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id: https://id.rijksmuseum.nl/20231209
type: VisualItem

type: LinguisticObject
content: inscription: ‘G’
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language:
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type: LinguisticObject
content: inscription: ‘SIGISMVNDVS DE FRANCIONIBVS AROMATARIVS.PP.M.D.XXXX’
classified as:
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language:
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type: LinguisticObject
content: De gegoten ronde vijzel verbreedt zich sterk naar boven toe en heeft een geprofileerde rand en voete. Onder de rand in Latijnse majuskels het opschrift SIGISMVNDVS DE FRANCIONIBVS AROMATARIVS PP M D XXXX met interpuncties bestaande uit een vierkant (vier keer). De wand is aan voor- en achterkant versierd met respectievelijk een reliëf van een zittende gekroonde vrouw met een staf of ander attribuut en met een teken bestaande uit een gedeelde cirkel met de letter G en bovenop een Grieks kruis. Op de zijkanten twee handvatten in de vorm van een leeuwenkop met een ring in de bek.
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language:
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created by:
  type: Creation
  timespan:
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    identified by:
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      content: 1986
      language:
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        type: Language
    identified by:
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      content: 1986
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        type: Language
    begin of the begin: 1986-01-01T00:00:00Z
    end of the end: 1986-12-31T23:59:59Z

type: LinguisticObject
content: opschrift, bovenrand, gieten: ‘SIGISMVNDVS DE FRANCIONIBVS AROMATARIVS.PP.M.D.XXXX’
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language:
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type: LinguisticObject
content: hoogte 38 cm x diameter 52 cm (bovenzijde) x gewicht (eigenschap) 155 kg
identified by:
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language:
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type: LinguisticObject
content: opschrift, in de bovenste helft van het cirkel onder het kruis, gieten: ‘G’
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language:
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type: LinguisticObject
content: height 38 cm x diameter 52 cm x weight 155 kg
identified by:
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language:
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type: LinguisticObject
content: …; from Dr Fritz Mannheimer (1890-1939), Amsterdam and Paris, fl. 6,350,000, en bloc, to Artistic & General Securities Ltd. as security for a loan from the Mendelssohn & Co. Bank, but kept in usufruct, 1934;{NHA, 476, RMA Archive, inv. no. 2142, Recapitulatie der geïnventariseerde kunstvoorwerpen van wijlen Dr F. Mannheimer, undated, p. 92, no. Br 97 a/b, Artistic no. 28/17; NHA, 233, Arrondissementsrechtbank Amsterdam, inv. no. 1365, “O.R. 256/1939, Faillissementsdossier: nalatenschap Dr. F. Mannheimer, 28 augustus 1939”, image 3, page 2.} purchased from Mendelssohn & Co. Bank, en bloc, by the Dienststelle Mühlmann, The Hague, for Adolf Hitler's Führermuseum, Linz, 1940;{Korthals Altes 1974, pp. 21-22.} war recuperation, SNK, 1945;{HNA, SNK Archive, 2.08.42, inv. no. 548.} on loan, with 1,702 other objects, from the DRVK to the museum, 1952;{Note RMA.} transferred to the museum, 1960
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referred to by:
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  content: Deze herkomstzin is geformuleerd met een speciale focus op de periode 1933-45 en zou daarom nog onvolledig kunnen zijn. Er kan aanvullende herkomstinformatie in het museum aanwezig zijn. Indien het object een mogelijk niet-heldere of incomplete herkomst heeft voor de periode 1933-45, ontvangt het museum graag aanvullende informatie met betrekking tot de Tweede Wereldoorlog-periode.
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referred to by:
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  content: Please note that this provenance was formulated with a special focus on provenance research for the years 1933-45 and could therefore be incomplete. There may be more (mostly earlier) provenance information known in the museum. In case this item has an uncertain or incomplete provenance for the years 1933-45, the Rijksmuseum welcomes information and assistance in the investigation and clarification of the provenance of all works during that era.
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language:
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type: LinguisticObject
content: Vijzel van brons. Met opschrift: SIGISMVNDVS DE FRANCIONIBVS AROMATARIVS PP M D XXXX.
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id: http://hdl.handle.net/10934/RM0001.COLLECT.14799
type: HumanMadeObject

id: https://id.rijksmuseum.nl/260238
type: Set

id: https://id.rijksmuseum.nl/260239
type: Set

id: https://id.rijksmuseum.nl/260251
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id: https://id.rijksmuseum.nl/26131
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